Global Carbon Budget 2023

A newer version of this dataset is available. The latest version available on Openclimatedata is 2024.

Published: December 5, 2023

Citation: Friedlingstein et al., Global Carbon Budget 2023. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5301-2023

Data: Global Carbon Project. (2023). Supplemental data of Global Carbon Budget 2023 (Version 1.1) [Data set]. Global Carbon Project. https://doi.org/10.18160/gcp-2023

Changelog:
  • 2022 total anthropogenic CO₂ emissions (including the cement carbonation sink): 11.1±0.8 GtC/year (40.7±3.2 GtCO₂/year).
  • 2022 fossil CO₂ emissions increased by 0.9% to 10.2±0.5 GtC/year (9.9 ± 0.5 GtC/year when the cement carbonation sink is included)
  • 2022 global atmospheric CO₂ concentration: 417.1 ± 0.1 ppm
  • remaining carbon budget for a 50% likelihood to limit global warming to 1.5, 1.7, and 2°C has reduced to 75 GtC (275 GtCO₂), 175 GtC (625 GtCO₂), and 315 GtC (1150 GtCO₂)

Fossil fuel and cement production emissions by fuel type

All values in million tonnes of carbon per year (MtC/yr), except the per capita emissions which are in tonnes of carbon per person per year (tC/person/yr).
For values in million tonnes of CO₂ per year, multiply the values below by 3.664
1MtC = 1 million tonne of carbon = 3.664 million tonnes of CO₂
Methods: Full details of the method are described in Friedlingstein et al (2023) and Andrew and Peters (2022). Full country and fuel data can be found at https://zenodo.org/record/7215364
The uncertainty for the global estimates is about ±5 % for a ±1 sigma confidence level.
Cite as:
Friedlingstein et al (2023; see summary tab)

fossil.emissions.excluding.carbonation

1850
1900
1950
2000
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
MtC

Coal

1850
1900
1950
2000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
MtC

Oil

1850
1900
1950
2000
0
1000
2000
3000
MtC

Gas

1850
1900
1950
2000
0
500
1000
1500
2000
MtC

Cement.emission

1850
1900
1950
2000
0
100
200
300
400
MtC

Flaring

1850
1900
1950
2000
0
20
40
60
80
100
MtC

Other

1850
1900
1950
2000
0
20
40
60
80
MtC

Per.Capita

1850
1900
1950
2000
0
0.5
1
t

Unit MtC/year, tC/person/year

Yearfossil.emissions.excluding.carbonationCoalOilGasCement.emissionFlaringOtherPer.Capita
185053.698753.6987000000.0425
185154.221654.2216000000.0427
185256.608756.6087000000.0444
185359.257859.2578000000.0462
185469.605169.6051000000.0540
185570.989270.97920.010000000.0548
185675.681375.67030.011000000.0581
185776.400776.38670.014000000.0584
185877.572477.55540.017000000.0590
185982.282082.26700.015000000.0623
186090.328290.25240.075900000.0680
186194.919794.66120.258500000.0711
186296.749296.36590.383200000.0721
1863103.2151102.86090.354200000.0765
1864111.2789110.97470.304200000.0821
1865118.1384117.77710.361300000.0867
1866121.8760121.33760.538400000.0890
1867130.5024129.95480.547600000.0948
1868134.1572133.52920.628000000.0969
1869142.4548141.73590.718900000.1024
1870145.5617144.70060.861200000.1041
1871154.7193153.81330.906000000.1100
1872171.2067170.18721.019500000.1211
1873181.8999180.34631.553600000.1280
1874170.3691168.65871.710500000.1193
1875184.8018183.20291.598900000.1287
1876187.4400185.64961.790400000.1298
1877191.1584188.74492.413500000.1317
1878192.6784189.93072.747600000.1321
1879206.3293202.86773.461600000.1406
1880233.0558228.85474.201000.0000000.1580
1881241.1419236.42954.712300.0001000.1626
1882254.7380249.51735.17570.04500.0001000.1708
1883270.9480266.33244.51150.10400.0001000.1807
1884274.0541268.72805.00600.32000.0001000.1818
1885276.1018269.90865.17911.01400.0001000.1821
1886280.4087272.35265.96102.09500.0001000.1839
1887294.4178284.78826.41253.21700.0002000.1920
1888325.9696314.67916.71234.57800.0001000.2114
1889326.0437314.94907.75753.33700.0002000.2103
1890354.9024342.25079.46153.19000.0002000.2276
1891371.6567358.066711.14782.44200.0002000.2369
1892374.5624361.462510.97762.12200.0002000.2374
1893369.9447356.338511.61701.98900.0002000.2331
1894382.9201369.704211.38761.82800.0002000.2399
1895405.9586390.784013.25241.92200.0002000.2528
1896419.3138403.091314.35331.86900.0002000.2596
1897439.2008422.049415.16211.98900.0002000.2703
1898463.2004445.280415.61082.30900.0003000.2834
1899505.9250486.554616.39402.97600.0004000.3077
1900532.8083511.277118.38083.15000.0004000.3220
1901550.4215526.501320.40983.51000.0005000.3306
1902564.3242538.522322.06333.73800.0006000.3367
1903615.2020587.872623.36373.96500.0007000.3645
1904622.2018591.325326.23634.13900.000800.50050.3660
1905662.4777630.754126.49624.68600.001000.54050.3869
1906691.7940659.283426.73595.19300.001200.58060.4010
1907788.2964749.692132.61755.42500.001300.56050.4535
1908757.7623716.685335.17505.37000.031500.50050.4327
1909788.8905745.099736.69866.42000.031600.64060.4472
1910828.0813781.250839.35296.80000.037000.64060.4660
1911840.4754791.057441.73807.01900.040400.62060.4695
1912883.1778831.827442.93367.72800.048200.64060.4899
1913956.9530898.448349.71078.07800.055300.66060.5271
1914868.0010808.312150.80338.22500.040000.62060.4747
1915855.5824792.233553.94758.69700.043800.66060.4646
1916924.0880854.062358.761510.47400.049500.74070.4982
1917966.2737889.139365.357211.05600.040500.68060.5172
1918953.4018875.938266.88339.96700.032600.58060.5065
1919826.6939741.077374.625010.35700.034000.60060.4358
1920961.0883853.142295.887811.37700.040600.64060.5026
1921843.3670728.2692105.05179.55030.035400.46040.4375
1922884.3651756.1810116.524710.94620.052600.66060.4549
19231003.3387858.7333129.472314.33570.056800.74070.5116
19241006.3374860.4289128.812616.29620.059000.74070.5086
19251017.2035860.0944134.884217.44633.938000.84080.5094
1926999.1896841.0729134.401118.87184.023000.82080.4958
19271090.6464917.4271147.455020.74754.216200.80080.5362
19281085.9070902.0861150.757922.55069.711500.80080.5289
19291165.6408961.2864165.427028.083110.063500.78070.5625
19301074.9450877.1814158.991828.44579.705500.62060.5139
1931960.6723772.5013153.886825.35188.431800.50050.4549
1932866.1234687.7185147.226824.07816.739600.36030.4061
1933911.9864719.2805160.964024.81526.506300.42040.4233
1934991.8782785.4786170.349827.82727.782300.44040.4557
19351041.1568817.8413183.625930.39978.749400.54050.4735
19361142.3345896.5039200.313034.264910.572100.68060.5143
19371221.1334945.2394225.645638.371311.136400.74070.5443
19381148.1717880.9104219.162836.984510.513400.60060.5069
19391214.8601937.4803228.289638.57709.732400.78070.5313
19401326.78641035.4181240.001041.90838.578200.88080.5750
19411356.66331060.0518241.810641.884111.815801.10110.5831
19421353.59881067.0580229.646845.319010.473901.10110.5775
19431376.00831071.3034244.116349.91819.489301.18110.5831
19441396.80911055.6870279.825153.93046.185601.18110.5880
19451161.8822818.2412277.129759.15696.273401.08100.4859
19461268.0468882.6555313.295661.10589.908901.08100.5266
19471404.4164988.3141335.413067.674011.774201.24120.5787
19481480.60941020.4929368.231276.471414.092501.32130.6049
19491414.0299967.7398347.247282.020615.881201.14110.5721
19501618.27011052.2207429.926096.409418.258620.09401.36130.6475
19511741.65011107.8299476.2262113.614020.678521.80001.50140.6848
19521765.13021093.9126502.3753122.045222.037723.29801.46140.6814
19531815.19141103.3642533.8896129.534724.439322.20201.76170.6875
19541853.02881102.2009564.7174136.856426.510321.18231.56150.6884
19552031.62141193.1330631.4546149.381029.322026.42901.90180.7398
19562163.20431254.3649685.2997160.301931.792529.52341.92180.7723
19572234.06491277.4723715.7415176.533733.420229.03531.86180.7817
19582297.25971297.3042744.2310192.686935.396825.95931.68160.7878
19592416.66551350.1708792.5746206.991339.641025.02552.26220.8136
19602561.79621406.0993853.0855227.818542.956824.32877.50740.8485
19612569.42751348.0711904.2744240.776844.799523.53127.97450.8374
19622660.08621344.0300972.0492264.155848.135023.45278.26340.8508
19632801.86881393.09241038.8937285.755550.759924.70158.66580.8767
19642954.04421421.83571120.9143314.697256.266130.78389.54710.9041
19653086.70561442.60651204.0972335.897859.078235.60129.42470.9250
19663237.36591459.23581299.4542365.730263.604239.45589.88560.9504
19673339.60931435.36101385.4076391.137865.480652.069610.15270.9609
19683521.92571451.27331509.0908425.693269.712955.622310.53310.9930
19693755.68761505.49171631.9459466.343173.920466.603411.38311.0373
19704066.09071554.74141855.9343488.771178.736075.803712.10421.1003
19714231.10961555.20691965.4780527.701282.803187.731212.18931.1223
19724427.79471552.90882119.2182560.110787.761194.675713.12021.1516
19734662.52751599.76602244.4175601.556692.9363109.760814.09041.1893
19744642.29861599.35092212.1708616.597393.0669106.814814.29791.1619
19754653.37861647.02002193.3851615.670792.533291.896112.87371.1435
19764908.63671708.52492330.3972651.516096.6289107.918913.65091.1849
19775047.66691750.11412412.3599666.3285101.1897104.112613.56221.1973
19785203.04451779.87782498.9061696.1456107.6869106.488213.93991.2129
19795350.16441863.62572530.8212734.0009109.103698.294114.31871.2255
19805317.26001912.79352442.2260752.8602109.857386.367213.15571.1965
19815190.21531907.47332332.6374762.7506109.885464.730712.73791.1471
19825148.84641940.82922276.5197745.5411109.375064.296212.28531.1174
19835181.74161991.70382253.4354753.5437111.793458.091613.17371.1044
19845360.73382088.05942271.7692821.7719113.907150.969514.25661.1225
19855541.79332238.52022271.3071852.0605115.298349.522015.08521.1399
19865624.32122270.91512339.3374831.3727120.108946.307316.27981.1362
19875798.52152346.74282358.9185902.8165125.247044.489420.30731.1503
19886025.48712427.11092445.4980946.0301131.882350.631024.33491.1740
19896107.79742426.77172488.1092993.5475134.578441.125423.66521.1692
19906209.79812374.94472523.22711045.3998134.723670.633960.86911.1681
19916339.92232351.14332649.69391066.9558138.503174.784858.84131.1727
19926159.17002295.16912513.98921080.7129144.256466.043658.99881.1213
19936222.25722322.94242515.94261110.0299150.459063.892558.99081.1156
19946286.78362336.00352525.68111119.5234160.596585.922759.05631.1106
19956420.43992402.61192548.84271149.0289169.838589.104561.01331.1179
19966618.49422462.98252625.96531199.9372173.338195.677960.59341.1362
19976658.28342450.25572665.72491204.5522180.361796.327061.06201.1273
19986640.54192384.26102700.27741224.2387179.680591.888060.19631.1091
19996777.70052418.87442766.24581254.1807188.458490.100859.84031.1170
20006959.95852512.88102805.15001291.2206196.896694.770159.04001.1319
20017007.35002527.10422826.48211298.1056205.771191.660658.22651.1246
20027163.83452643.03012821.15531338.5921213.397288.627259.03251.1349
20037546.02872871.94852897.76961387.2135234.718694.051660.32691.1802
20047811.18792968.49703005.05871435.6652245.244593.518263.20431.2062
20058076.44733153.31353031.98801466.9655263.084294.973666.12261.2315
20068353.10243329.48203059.80081512.9896286.935394.855069.03971.2577
20078597.08903490.33293070.08981563.9338308.177493.696670.85841.2782
20088745.06073603.65993058.30671608.7253312.055391.364570.94911.2838
20098595.32383557.07282991.73321568.9309320.802090.182166.60281.2460
20109090.15503804.79503092.24191690.2584342.487393.187767.18461.3013
20119398.60004020.54413097.29071739.3446368.225298.118975.07641.3288
20129534.78534065.65013138.15971774.7012377.7744102.979075.52101.3314
20139615.84804090.90713161.58871783.9378393.8053105.220380.38881.3262
20149679.63834095.54743171.81911814.0385409.2538105.631683.34791.3189
20159678.82504001.66723243.82661851.3523394.2265104.878682.87381.3033
20169677.95463909.79383277.00921902.2812404.7152102.140882.01441.2881
20179832.27383954.60703335.04891943.5936410.6250105.754182.64531.2938
201810034.64664018.89873348.09982046.4031427.3479111.161082.73611.3060
201910109.19854007.72743378.26122080.0839440.9869118.839483.29981.3019
20209554.51393882.61872974.87682062.0255445.7005108.766280.52621.2185
202110048.18304089.11493142.66942162.1484461.9006110.106282.24351.2704
202210139.13344153.74023241.78102114.7571438.1752108.474982.20501.2713