Published: December 5, 2023

Citation: Friedlingstein et al., Global Carbon Budget 2023. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5301-2023

Data: Global Carbon Project. (2023). Supplemental data of Global Carbon Budget 2023 (Version 1.1) [Data set]. Global Carbon Project. https://doi.org/10.18160/gcp-2023

Changelog:

• 2022 total anthropogenic CO₂ emissions (including the cement carbonation sink): 11.1±0.8 GtC/year (40.7±3.2 GtCO₂/year).
• 2022 fossil CO₂ emissions increased by 0.9% to 10.2±0.5 GtC/year (9.9 ± 0.5 GtC/year when the cement carbonation sink is included)
• 2022 global atmospheric CO₂ concentration: 417.1 ± 0.1 ppm
• remaining carbon budget for a 50% likelihood to limit global warming to 1.5, 1.7, and 2°C has reduced to 75 GtC (275 GtCO₂), 175 GtC (625 GtCO₂), and 315 GtC (1150 GtCO₂)

Global Carbon Budget 2023

ICOS Archive

• Summary
• Global Carbon Budget
• Historical Budget
• Fossil Emissions by Category
• Land-Use Change Emissions
• Ocean Sink
• Terrestrial Sink
• Cement Carbonation Sink

Cement Carbonation sink (positive values represent a flux from the atmosphere to the land)

Cite individual estimates as:

• Cao Cao, Z., Myers, R. J., Lupton, R. C., Duan, H., Sacchi, R., Zhou, N., Reed Miller, T., Cullen, J. M., Ge, Q., and Liu, G.: The sponge effect and carbon emission mitigation potentials of the global cement cycle, Nature Communications, 11 (1), 3777, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17583-w, 2020.
• Huang Huang, Z., Wang, J., Bing, L., Qiu, Y., Guo, R., Yu, Y., Ma, M., Niu, L., Tong, D., Andrew, R.M., Friedlingstein, P., Canadell, J.G., Xi, F., Liu, Z., 2023. Global carbon uptake of cement carbonation accounts 1930-2021. Earth System Science Data 15 (11), 4947–4958. DOI: 10.5194/essd-15-4947-2023.